Correct hydraulic cylinder selection directly determines the
performance,
reliability, and lifespan of the system. Incorrect sizing can lead to many problems,
from
energy waste to premature failure. In this technical guide, we share critical
engineering parameters and calculation methods to consider when selecting
cylinders.
Basic Formula
F = P × A | Force (kN) =
Pressure (bar) × Area (cm²) × 0.1
1. Basic Selection Criteria
Five basic parameters are decisive in hydraulic cylinder selection: required
force, stroke distance, operating
pressure,
movement speed, and operating environment. Determining
these parameters correctly is the prerequisite for optimum cylinder selection.
1.1. Force Calculation
The first step is to determine the net force required by the application. Friction
losses,
load dynamics, and safety factors must be taken into account in calculations.
- Static Load:
Nominal
force is sufficient for constant loads
- Dynamic
Load: Acceleration force is added for moving loads
- Safety Factor:
Usually applied between 1.25-1.5
1.2. Determining Piston Diameter
After determining the required force and operating pressure, the piston diameter is
calculated. As BRS PROSES, we manufacture cylinders complying with ISO
6020/1 and ISO 6022 standards.
| Piston Diameter (mm)
|
Piston Area (cm²) |
Force at 250 bar (kN)
|
Typical Application |
|
Ø40 |
12.57 |
31.4 |
Light precision |
|
Ø63 |
31.17 |
77.9 |
Medium duty presses |
|
Ø100 |
78.54 |
196.4 |
Heavy industry |
| Ø160 |
201.06 |
502.7 |
Press machines |
2. Stroke Distance
Stroke distance is the total distance the piston will travel. When determining the
stroke,
additional distance for application tolerances and position sensors should be
considered.
For long-stroke cylinders (over 1000mm), buckling (Euler) check is
mandatory.
"Correct cylinder selection is the foundation of the project. Small errors in
diameter,
stroke, and pressure calculations turn into major performance losses."
— BRS PROSES Engineering Team
3. Operating Environment Assessment
Environmental Conditions Are Critical
The operating environment directly affects cylinder
material and sealing element selection. The following factors must be evaluated:
- Temperature Range: Standard between -20°C and
+80°C, special seals for extreme conditions
- Corrosive Environment: Stainless steel or
chrome
plating requirements
- Dust/Dirt: Rod protector and wiper selection
- Mounting
Position: Horizontal, vertical, or angled mounting requirements
4. Connection and Mounting Types
Cylinder mounting type should be selected according to the application.
Most common mounting types:
- Flange Mounting
(MF/MP): For fixed applications
- Articulated
(MT/MG): Places requiring angular movement
- Clevis Type
(MS/MH): For pivot connection
- Square Flange
(MF4/MF5): Heavy load applications
5. BRS PROSES Cylinder Selection Support
As BRS PROSES, we are with you in your hydraulic cylinder selection
with
over 25 years of experience. Our engineering team:
- Free technical consultancy
- Application-based cylinder
calculation
- ISO and ECO series standard
cylinders
- Custom design cylinder
manufacturing
- Fast delivery and technical
support
